Features of Object Oriented Programming

• Abstraction – In the data abstraction only necessary information is represented and unnecessary details are hidden. It is a way of dealing with the complexity of the object. It means hiding the non-essential details and represent essential details of an object. 

   Example: scanf “%d”, a ;
               cin>>a;

• Data Encapsulation – The wrapping up of data and its function into the single unit is known as data encapsulation. Data encapsulation combines data and functions into a single unit which can be further utilized to create new objects for mapping of real world entities.
  Class is the example of the Data encapsulation.  
• Inheritance – When the feature of one class is used by the another class. Then it is known as inheritance. An inheritance deal with the derivation of certain features of an existing class (base class) into a new class that is formed is called derived class. This feature is useful in creating new application based on existing frameworks. 

• Polymorphism – When more than one operation is carried out by the same function name then it is called Polymorphism.
  Polymorphism is another important feature of the object oriented approach which provides certain features that can be utilized for different purpose i.e. one type of data or features can be utilized for different purpose according to different application.